Chronic venous insufficiency and varicose veins are widespread diseases: according to statistics, in developed countries every third person faces them. A special risk group includes the fair sex, to whom this pathology causes both physical and mental discomfort. In this article, we will discuss why vascular diseases occur in women, what are their signs and symptoms, what to do to treat and prevent this disease.
According to statistics, men are less likely to suffer from varicose veins than women who have vascular diseases 1. 5 times more likely. What is the reason for the gender characteristics of this pathology?
In addition to these, exclusively female, preconditions for the development of pathology, varicose veins in women can be triggered by the following factors:
Pathological dilatation of the pelvic vessels is a common problem faced by 15-25% of women of reproductive age. This disease is often mistaken for infectious and inflammatory processes localized in the reproductive organs of the female genitourinary system. In connection with a misdiagnosis, inappropriate treatment is prescribed and the patient does not receive relief. Therefore, the problem of diagnosis and adequate therapy of varicose veins of the pelvis is an urgent problem of modern phlebology and gynecology.
The inflow of blood into the pelvic organs is a consequence of the uterine and ovarian veins, as well as the venous plexuses - uterovaginal, vesicovaginal, uviform, rectal plexus, etc. The cause of varicose veins of the pelvis in women is a violation of blood flow in these vessels. It is usually caused by blood clots, which can be caused by the following:
Expert opinion The main symptom of this venous disease in women is the presence of chronic pelvic pain syndrome. It is represented by pains in the lower abdomen, which radiate to the area of the pubic bones, sacrum and perineum.
The peak of pain usually occurs in the second half of the menstrual cycle, complemented by severe premenstrual syndrome and dysmenorrhea. Psychosomatic disorders may be associated with these symptoms.
As mentioned above, the diagnosis of pathology is complicated by the fact that the symptoms of this venous disease in women can be misinterpreted as signs of purely gynecological problems. Therefore, transvaginal ultrasound, Doppler ultrasound, phlebography, and in some cases, diagnostic laparoscopy will be required to make a correct diagnosis.
Both conservative and surgical approaches are used to treat varicose veins in the small pelvis.
In the first case, the goal of therapy is to increase the tone of the venous walls, normalize the nature of blood flow and blood viscosity. To address these issues, patients are prescribed venotonics, chiropractic, ultrasound, and magnetic therapy, as well as exercise therapy. If conservative therapy for this disease of the pelvic vessels is ineffective, surgery is performed - sclerotherapy or embolization of veins in pregnant women.
Varicose veins are a problem for most pregnant women. This is due to the changes that occur in the body of the future mother during pregnancy. During this period, there is a complete restructuring of the hormonal background, which is directly related to the condition of the vessels. For example, the growth of estrogen leads to changes in the structure of the muscular layer of the venous walls and vasodilation.
In addition to the hormonal changes that accompany pregnancy and childbirth, pregnancy and childbirth can cause the development of venous diseases in pregnant women and for other reasons. First of all, this is an increase in body weight and a simultaneous increase in the load on the lower extremities, as well as the excessive stress that a woman experiences during childbirth during childbirth.
During pregnancy, there is an increase in the total amount of circulating blood, which occurs due to an increase in the content of plasma and erythrocytes.
Depending on the stage of development, varicose veins on the legs manifest in different ways:
There are two main approaches to solving this problem: conservative and surgical. The first of them is usually used in the initial stages of the development of pathology, while the second is justified for the fight against the later stages of the disease.
Conservative therapy includes taking medication, using external products, attending physiotherapy sessions, wearing compression stockings, correcting physical activity, daily routine, diet, and drinking regimen. In addition, you can use additional medications to fight varicose veins - for example, Normaven® foot cream. Regular application to the lower limbs helps to resolve swelling, fatigue, heaviness and discomfort in the legs, the disappearance of night cramps and the reduction of the weight of the vascular pattern.
Thanks to its natural composition, the cream can also be used during pregnancy.
Surgery is aimed at completely or partially removing varicose veins. Modern vascular surgery can offer the following types of surgery:
When it comes to treating venous diseases in women aged 50-60 years and in elderly patients, surgery is usually not performed because it is stressful for the body.